How to add associated values to enums

Paul Hudson    February 13th 2018    @twostraws

Enums with associated values let you associate extra data with an enum case. This helps make them significantly more useful, because we can create gradations of cases rather than have them be absolute.

For example, we could create a Weather enum that can store various weather types: sunny, cloudy, windy, and rainy. However, that doesn’t really describe those conditions very well – how cloudy is it? Is it gale force winds or just a breeze? Is the rain definitely going to happen, or is it a fairly remote chance?

With enum associated values we can describe these situations more accurately. For example:

enum Weather {
    case sunny
    case cloudy(coverage: Int)
    case windy(speed: Int)
    case rainy(chance: Int)
}

That leaves “sunny” as a simple value, but the other three all have associated values – how cloudy it is, what the speed of the wind is, and how likely the rain is.

Using those values we can now create instances of those enums:

let london = Weather.cloudy(coverage: 90)
let gusty = Weather.windy(speed: 10)
let guaranteedRain = Weather.rainy(chance: 100)

Available from iOS 8.0 – learn more in my book Pro Swift

Did this solution work for you? Please pass it on!

Tweet

Other people are reading…

• What is MVC?
• How to format JSON using Codable and pretty printing
• What is a storyboard?
• How to count matching items in an array
• How to use typealias to make it easier to use complex types

About the Swift Knowledge Base

This is part of the Swift Knowledge Base, a free, searchable collection of solutions for common iOS questions.